Sains Malaysiana 53(9)(2024): 3021-3029

http://doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2024-5309-09

Peningkatan Pertumbuhan dan Pengumpulan Lipid dalam Biojisim Coelastrella sp. (UKM4) semasa Fikoremediasi Air Larut Lesap

(Enhanced Growth and Lipid Accumulation in Coelastrella sp. (UKM4) Biomass during Phycoremediation of Leachate)

MOHAMAD FAISAL NI AZNAN, NAZLINA HAIZA MOHD YASIN* & VIKESH VARMA ANATHAN

Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia

Received: 2 May 2024/Accepted: 9 July 2024

Abstrak

Mikroalga berpotensi dalam merawat air lesap dan bioijisimnya mampu menghasilkan kandungan lipid yang boleh digunakan untuk menghasilkan biodiesel. Namun, pertumbuhan mikroalga dalam media kompleks seperti air larut resap adalah aspek yang penting untuk dikaji supaya proses ini dapat dikomersialkan. Justeru, kajian ini merangkumi dua objektif iaitu untuk mengkaji model matematik yang sesuai bagi kinetik pertumbuhan Coelastrella sp. (UKM4) dalam air larut lesap dan meneroka potensi mikroalga dalam penyingkiran nutrien serta penghasilan lipid sewaktu fikoremediasi air larut lesap. Dalam kajian ini, air larutlesap yang tinggi dengan kandungan nitrogen dan fosforus digunakan untuk pertumbuhan mikroalga Coelastrella sp. (UKM4). Penilaian model matematik yang terbaik terhadap pertumbuhan Coelastrella sp. (UKM4) yang dikultur dalam air larut lesap dianalisis dengan menggunakan tiga model (Logistik, Logistik terubah suai dan Gompertz terubah suai). Hasil menunjukkan model yang terbaik bagi pertumbuhan Coelastrella sp. (UKM4) adalah model Gompertz terubah suai berdasarkan lengkung suaian yang menghampiri model dengan sisihan piawai yang kecil. Dalam tempoh 15 hari, Coelastrella sp. (UKM4) mampu menurunkan 100% nutrien dalam air larut lesap serta mengumpul kandungan jasad lipid yang tinggi dalam biojisim mikroalga. Kesimpulannya, air larut lesap yang kaya dengan kandungan nutrien merupakan media pengkulturan yang sesuai untuk pertumbuhan Coelastrella sp. (UKM4). Selain itu, penghasilan lipid yang tinggi juga berupaya menjadikan proses fikoremediasi ini lebih mampan.

Kata kunci: Air larut lesap; Coelastrella sp. (UKM4); fikoremediasi; lipid; model matematik

Abstract

Microalgae have potential in treating leachate and its biomass is capable of producing lipids which then can be used to produce biodiesel. However, the study about microalgae growth in the complex media such as leachate is crucial for commercialization purposes. Thus, this study includes two objectives which are to study a suitable mathematical model for the growth kinetics of Coelastrella sp. (UKM4) in leachate and to explore the potential of microalgae in removing nutrient as well as lipid accumulation during pycoremediation of leachate. In this study, leachate with high nitrogen and phosphorus content was used to culture microalgae Coelastrella sp. (UKM4). The evaluation of the best mathematical model of Coelastrella sp. (UKM4) grown in leachate was analyzed using three mathematical models (Logistic, modified Logistic and modified Gompertz). The results indicated the best model for the growth of Coelastrella sp. (UKM4) was the modified Gompertz model due to fitted curve to the model with low standard error. Coelastrella sp. (UKM4) was able to reduce 100% nutrient in leachate in just 15 days as well as accumulated a high amount of lipid bodies in their biomass. In conclusion, leachate with high amounts of nutrients is feasible as cultivation media to support the growth of Coelastrella sp. (UKM4). In addition, high lipid production can also be an added value for sustainable phycoremediation processes.

Keywords: Coelastrella sp. (UKM4); lipid; leachate; mathematical model; phycoremediation

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*Corresponding author; email: nazlinayasin@ukm.edu.my